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Laura de Force Gordon
Laura de Force Gordon (née Laura de Force; August 17, 1838, North East, Pennsylvania – April 5, 1907, Lodi, California) was an American lawyer, editor, and a prominent campaigner for women’s rights in the American West.〔 She was the first woman to run a daily newspaper in the United States (the ''Stockton Daily Leader'', 1873). She was a key proponent of the Women’s Lawyers Bill allowing women to practice law in California, and the related language in the California Constitution allowing women to practice any profession in California.〔
==Early life and career==
Laura de Force was born in Pennsylvania to Catherine Doolittle Allan and Abram de Force, in a family of nine children and a father struggling with rheumatism.〔 Despite the hardships, she was fortunate enough to become well-educated and master oral communications. After the death of one of their children in 1855, the whole de Force family turned to Spiritualism. Laura became particularly gifted in "communicating with the spirits" and toured the Northeast with public exhibitions. During one such event, she met Charles H. Gordon, and married him in 1862.〔 They lived in New Orleans, Louisiana during the American Civil War, but in 1867 moved west to Nevada, and finally settled in Mokelumne (later Lodi), California in 1870.〔
In the late 1860s, Gordon gradually turned from Spiritualism to women's rights. On February 19, 1868 she made a speech in Platt’s Hall in San Francisco that has been said to launch the California Suffrage Movement, and later helped found the California Women’s Suffrage Society. She continued touring the United States, giving speeches on spirituality, women’s rights, and civil rights.
In 1873 Gordon became an editor and reporter for the ''Stockton Narrow Gauge'' and later that year a publisher of the ''Stockton Weekly Leader'', which became a daily newspaper in 1874. She then sold the ''Daily Leader'' and between 1876 and 1878 published the ''Oakland Daily Democrat'', after which she left journalism. During those years, she divorced her husband, and also published a travel guidebook ''(The Great Geysers of California and How to Reach Them )''.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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